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Dear students today you will revise the poem fire and Ice and Dust of Snow. Learn its summary as well as questions. Fire and Ice - Poem and Explanation
Some say the world will end in fire
Some say in ice.
From what I’ve tasted of desire
I hold with those who favour fire.
Desire- a strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen
Favour- approval, support
The poem expresses the profound idea that the world would end in either of two ways, either by ice or fire. One group is of the opinion that someday the Earth’s core will get so heated up that it would lead to fire destroying the earth’s surface. On the other hand, the second group says that if the temperature goes down to an extent that makes life on Earth impossible, it would have the same catastrophic effect. The poet then compares fire and ice with the destructive features of human emotions; desire and hatred. He says that from what he is aware about “fiery desires”, he would favour the ones who say that it would be fire. By saying so, he brings about the idea that human beings let their emotions rule them and the consequence of unmonitored longing is chaos.
the house
But if it had to perish twice,
I think I know enough of hate
To say that for destruction ice
Is also great
And would suffice.
Perish- die
Suffice- be sufficient
Then by not waving off the first option of fire, he considers if the world has to expire twice, ice would be equally competent in ending it. He brings about a contrast between “ice” and “hatred”. The human capability of insensitivity and hatred has the potential for inner destruction. Though slow and steady, it has the same effect that desire has on us. So if given an option between fire and ice, ice would be just as good as fire to destroy the world.
: Fire and Ice Literary devices
1. Rhyming scheme- Aba
abc
bcb
2. Assonance- it is repetition of vowel sounds in same line. The repetition is at different places in different words.
Example- The long sound of “o” in “I hold with those who favour fire”
3. Alliteration- alliteration is the repetition of a consonant sound at the start of two or more closely placed words.
Example- The sound of “f” in “favour fire”, “w” in “world will”
4. Imagery- Imagery is used to make readers perceive things involving their five senses. Example- “Some say the world will end in fire”
“To say that for destruction ice Is also great”
5. Anaphora- the repetition of a word or expression at the start of two or more consecutive lines.
Example - “Some say” is repeated at the start of lines 1 and 2.
6. Personification- Personification is to give human qualities to inanimate objects. In this poem, “fire” and “ice” are capable of destruction. Thus, the poet personifies fire and ice by giving them mind and power to destroy anything.
7. Enjambment- it is defined as the thought or clause that does not come to an end at a line break, rather it moves over to the next line.
Example- “From what I’ve tasted of desire
I hold with those who favor fire”
Fire and Ice Summary
Robert Frost’s poem “Fire and Ice” is a strong symbolic poem where fire is used as the emotion of desire and ice, that of hatred. He has used the idea of two groups who have their own possible explanation for the end of the world. One is of the opinion that fire alone, can destroy each and every possibility of life on Earth while the other thinks that if ice as a result of extreme low temperatures could cover the earth’s surface, it would lead to the end of the world. Both the components are compared with self-destructing human emotions: desire and hatred. The poet is originally of the opinion that he has been very closely associated with the “fiery desires” and considers it capable of bringing human beings on the verge of destruction. Thus, he considers fire as more competent for destruction. But then he thinks that “icy hatred” is just as capable of ruining humans, though slowly and steadily. Therefore, if Earth was to end twice, ice would be just as good as fire. If fire would lead to rapid destruction, ice would lead to silent damage. Similarly, if fire is pure passion, ice is pure reason. Thus, the poem, very artistically, underpins the philosophy that we let our emotions rule us and if don’t control them they will surely bring us all on the verge of chaos.
Fire and Ice Question and Answers
1. There are many ideas about how the world will ‘end’. Do you think the world will end some day? Have you ever thought what would happen if the sun got so hot that it ‘burst’, or grew colder and colder?
A. Unfortunately, the world is going to end one day and there is nothing we can do about it. There are many ideas as to how it will end but one can’t say surely. The reason that life exists only on Earth is that the circumstances and temperature is apt to make it possible. If the sun gets so hot one day that it is at the verge of bursting, it would lead to rapid destruction as there would be fire everywhere. Conversely, if it grows colder and colder, there will be ice everywhere on Earth and life in any form would not be able to sustain at such low temperatures.
2. For Frost, what do ‘fire’ and ‘ice’ stand for?
Here are some ideas:
greed
avarice
cruelty
lust
conflict
fury
intolerance
rigidity
insensitivity
coldness
indifference
hatred
A. According to Frost, ‘fire’ stands for greed, conflict, fury, cruelty, lust and avarice whereas ‘Ice’ stands for insensitivity, coldness, intolerance, indifference, rigidity and hatred.
3. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem? How does it help in bringing out the contrasting ideas in the poem?
A. The rhyme scheme of the poem is “aba abc bcb”. The poet has used the rhyming beautifully to bring about contrasting ideas in the poem. He has used the ideas of two groups who believe that the world would come to a catastrophic end either as a result of fire or ice. Simultaneously, he portrays these two essential components as features of destructive human emotions: desire and hatred. Just like fiery desires and icy hatred can cause damage to an individual in an irreparable manner, fire and ice can lead the world at the verge of chaos and thus, apocalypse.
: Dust of Snow
Question and Answers
Q1. What is a “dust of snow”? What does the poet say has changed his mood? How has the poet’s mood changed?
A. “Dust of snow” refers to the tiny particles of snow. The particles are so small that poet referred to them as “dust”. The poet was in an awful mood when particles of snow had fallen on him. This changed the poet’s frame of mind instantly and his day got a lot better.
Q 2. How does Frost present nature in this poem? The following questions may help you to think of an answer.
(i) What are the birds that are usually named in poems? Do you think a crow is often mentioned in poems? What images come to your mind when you think of a crow?
A. Birds like sparrow, nightingale and peacock are more than often named in poems. Unlike these birds, crows are often seen as the indicators of doom and fear. They are often used for negative references.
(ii) Again, what is “a hemlock tree”? Why doesn’t the poet write about a more ‘beautiful’ tree such as a maple, or an oak, or a pine?
A. Trees are also seen as mighty creatures imparting wisdom as they’re too old. They give out oxygen and absorb the carbon dioxide which is connected with absorbing all the negative energy. But there are trees that are poisonous too, like a hemlock tree. The poet does not mention a more ‘beautiful’ tree such as maple, oak or pine because he wants to indicate a sad scene. Being poisonous, a hemlock tree is considered bad and so, he refers to it.
(iii) What do the ‘crow’ and ‘hemlock’ represent — joy or sorrow? What does the dust of snow that the crow shakes off a hemlock tree stand for?
A. Both crow and the hemlock tree represent sorrow. Frost has used both the negative creatures (crow and the hemlock tree) as the carriers of positivism and strength that transformed his day for the better. By not using birds like sparrow and nightingale and trees like maple, oak or a pine, the poet has tried to break down all the preconceived notions we have about certain agents of nature. He has tried to make us understand that we see the world not as how it is, but as how we want to see it. Thus, the crow sitting and a hemlock tree together made his day better. The dust of snow stands for joy.
: Fire and Ice Question and Answers
1. There are many ideas about how the world will ‘end’. Do you think the world will end some day? Have you ever thought what would happen if the sun got so hot that it ‘burst’, or grew colder and colder?
A. Unfortunately, the world is going to end one day and there is nothing we can do about it. There are many ideas as to how it will end but one can’t say surely. The reason that life exists only on Earth is that the circumstances and temperature is apt to make it possible. If the sun gets so hot one day that it is at the verge of bursting, it would lead to rapid destruction as there would be fire everywhere. Conversely, if it grows colder and colder, there will be ice everywhere on Earth and life in any form would not be able to sustain at such low temperatures.
2. For Frost, what do ‘fire’ and ‘ice’ stand for?
Here are some ideas:
greed
avarice
cruelty
lust
conflict
fury
intolerance
rigidity
insensitivity
coldness
indifference
hatred
A. According to Frost, ‘fire’ stands for greed, conflict, fury, cruelty, lust and avarice whereas ‘Ice’ stands for insensitivity, coldness, intolerance, indifference, rigidity and hatred.
3. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem? How does it help in bringing out the contrasting ideas in the poem?
A. The rhyme scheme of the poem is “aba abc bcb”. The poet has used the rhyming beautifully to bring about contrasting ideas in the poem. He has used the ideas of two groups who believe that the world would come to a catastrophic end either as a result of fire or ice. Simultaneously, he portrays these two essential components as features of destructive human emotions: desire and hatred. Just like fiery desires and icy hatred can cause damage to an individual in an irreparable manner, fire and ice can lead the world at the verge of chaos and thus, apocalypse.
Vikram Singh
2020-05-14
2
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
9TH-A
ENGLISH
Dear students ,learn and revise the poem The Road Not Taken , learn its summary as well as questions. [5/14, 7:12 AM] Vikram Singh: cbse class 9th poems
Summary
Poem 1 - The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost
This well-known poem is about making choices, and the choices that shape us. Robert Frost is an American poet who writes simply, but insightfully, about common, ordinary experiences
Introduction to the poem
In the poem - ‘The Road Not Taken’, the road symbolizes our life. The poet says that the path that we don’t choose in our life is ‘the road not taken’. He describes his feelings about that choice that he had left in the past. The path which we have chosen, decides our future, our destination. The important message that the poet wants to give is that the choice that we make has an impact on our future and if we make a wrong choice, we regret it but cannot go back on it. So, we must be wise while making choices.
Poem and Explanation
Stanza 1
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveller, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
diverged: separated and took a different direction
yellow wood: a forest with decomposing leaves
undergrowth: dense growth of plants and bushes means the forest)
Once the poet was walking down a road and then there was a diversion, there were two different paths and he had to choose one out them. The poet says that as he was one person, he could travel on one road only. He had to choose one out of these two roads. (Yellow wood means a forest with leaves which are wearing out and they have turned yellow in colour – the season of autumn.) Yellow woods represent a world which is full of people, where people have been living for many years. They represent people who are older than the poet. The poet kept standing there and looked at the path very carefully as far as he could see it. Before taking the path, he wanted to know how it was- was it suitable for him or no. He was able to see the path till where it curved after which it was covered with trees and was hidden. It happens in our life also when we have choices, we have alternatives, but we have to choose only one out of them, we take time to think about the pros and cons of each, whether it is suitable for us or not and only then, we take a decision on what path we should choose.
Stanza 2
Then took the other, just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same.
fair: As good as the other one,
claim: Better option
grassy: unused
wanted wear: had not been used
The poet kept on looking at one path for a long time to check if it was the right path for him or not and then, he decided and started walking on another path because he felt that both the paths were equally good. He says just as fair, so, he felt that both paths were equally good and started walking on one of them. He adds that maybe he felt that the path was better for him so he chose it as it had grass on it which means that it was unused. Not many people had walked on this path earlier that is why this path was grassy. ‘And wanted wear’ means that it was not walked over by many people. After he walked on the path for some distance, he realized that both the paths had been worn out the same way. Both the paths were similar and worn out. Even in our life, we take any path or option but all of them have the same benefits, disadvantages, problems, challenges and we must face them. We think that we are choosing a better option, but it is not that way.
[5/14, 7:14 AM] Vikram Singh: Poem 1st
Question and Answers
1. Where does the traveller find himself? What problem does he face?
A. The traveller finds himself standing on a fork in the path. He is in a problem as he must choose one path and is unable to decide which one to choose.
2. Discuss what these phrases mean to you.
(i) a yellow wood
A. ‘Yellow wood’ refers to the forest which has withering leaves as in the season of autumn. It represents a world full of aging people.
(ii) it was grassy and wanted wear
A. It means that the path had a lot of grass on it. This means that it had not been walked over by many people. It had to be worn out by the steps of the people who walked on it.
(iii) the passing there
A. It means that when he walked over the path that he had chosen.
(iv) leaves no step had trodden black
A. It means that no one had walked over the leaves as they were still green. If they had been walked over, they would have turned black.
(v) how way leads on to way
A. It means that as we walk on a path, we come across more options and make choices further. We keep on walking ahead on that way.
3. Is there any difference between the two roads as the poet describes them
(i) in stanzas two and three?
A. The two paths were similar. In the beginning, the poet felt that one of them was grassy and had not been walked over by many people, but when he walked on it for some distance, he realized that it was like the other road.
(ii) in the last two lines of the poem?
A. Here, again the poet talks of his initial decision when he thought that the roads were different and chose the one that had been walked over by a lesser number of people.
Vikram Singh
2020-05-14
3
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
UKG-A
ENGLISH
cursive letter writing write capital and small cursive letter from A to P
Mrs. Reena
2020-05-13
4
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
UKG-A
ENGLISH
cursive letter writing write capital and small cursive letter from A to P
Mrs. Reena
2020-05-13
5
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
UKG-A
ENGLISH
cursive letter writing write capital and small cursive letter from A to P
Mrs. Reena
2020-05-13
6
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
UKG-A
ENGLISH
cursive letter writing write capital and small cursive letter from A to P
Mrs. Reena
2020-05-13
7
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
UKG-A
ENGLISH
cursive letter writing write capital and small cursive letter from A to P
Mrs. Reena
2020-05-13
8
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
9TH-A
S.SCIENCE
Chapter 3 - Drainage
Question 1:
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
(i) Which one of the following describes the drainage patterns resembling the branches of a tree?
(a) Radial
(c) Centrifugal
(b) Dendritic
(d) Trellis
(ii) In which of the following states is the Wular Lake located?
(a) Rajasthan
(c) Punjab
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Jammu and Kashmir
(iii) The river Narmada has its source at
(a) Satpura
(c) Amarkantak
(b) Brahmagiri
(d) Slopes of the Western Ghats
(iv) Which one of the following lakes is a salt water lake?
(a) Sambhar
(c) Wular
(b) Dal
(d) Gobind Sagar
(v) Which one of the following is the longest river of the Peninsular India?
(a) Narmada
(c) Godavari
(b) Krishna
(d) Mahanadi
(vi) Which one amongst the following rivers flows through a rift valley?
(a) Damodar
(c) Krishna
(b) Tungabhadra
(d) Tapi
ANSWER:
(i) Which one of the following describes the drainage patterns resembling the branches of a tree?
(a) Radial
(c) Centrifugal
(b) Dendritic?
(d) Trellis
(ii) In which of the following states is the Wular Lake located?
(a) Rajasthan
(c) Punjab
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Jammu and Kashmir?
(iii) The river Narmada has its source at
(a) Satpura
(c) Amarkantak?
(b)Brahmagiri
(d) Slopes of the Western Ghats
(iv) Which one of the following lakes is a salt water lake?
(a) Sambhar?
(c) Wular
(b) Dal
(d) Gobind Sagar
(v) Which one of the following is the longest river of the Peninsular India?
(a) Narmada
(c) Godavari?
(b) Krishna
(d) Mahanadi
(vi) Which one amongst the following rivers flows through a rift valley?
(a) Damodar
(c) Krishna
(b) Tungabhadra
(d) Tapi?
Page No 24:
Question 2:
Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) What is meant by a water divide? Give an example.
(ii) Which is the largest river basin in India?
(iii) Where do the rivers Indus and Ganga have their origin?
(iv) Name the two headstreams of the Ganga. Where do they meet to form the Ganga?
(v) Why does the Brahmaputra in its Tibetan part have less silt, despite a longer course?
(vi) Which two Peninsular rivers flow through trough?
(vii) State some economic benefits of rivers and lakes.
ANSWER:
(i) Any elevated area, such as a mountain or an upland, which separates two drainage basins is known as water divide; for example, the water divide between the Indus and the Ganga river systems. Ambala is located on this water divide. The Western Ghats form the main water divide in Peninsular India.
(ii) The Ganga, which is over 2,500 km long, forms the largest river basin in India.
(iii) The river Indus rises in Tibet, near Lake Mansarowar.
The Ganga originates at the Gangotri Glacier on the southern slopes of the Himalayas.
(iv) The two headstreams of the Ganga are Bhagirathi and Alaknanda. They meet to form the Ganga at Devaprayag in Uttarakhand.
(v) Since Tibet has a cold and dry climate, the Brahmaputra carries a smaller volume of water and less silt in this region.
(vi) Narmada and Tapi are the two peninsular rivers flowing through trough.
(vii) Economic benefits of rivers and lakes:
(a) Source of fresh water
(b) Irrigation
(c) Navigation
(d) Hydro-power generation
(e) Development of tourism
Page No 24:
Question 3:
Below are given names of a few lakes of India. Group them under two categories ? natural and created by human beings.
(a) Wular
(b) Dal
(c) Nainital
(d) Bhimtal
(e) Gobind Sagar
(f) Loktak
(g) Barapani
(h) Chilika
(i) Sambhar
(j) Rana Pratap Sagar
(k) Nizam Sagar
(l) Pulicat
(m) Nagarjuna Sagar
(n) Hirakud
ANSWER:
Natural lakes
Artificial or man-made lakes
Wular
Gobind Sagar
Dal
Rana Pratap Sagar
Nainital
Nizam Sagar
Bhimtal
Nagarjuna Sagar
Loktak
Hirakud
Barapani
-
Chilika
-
Sambhar
-
Pulicat
-
Page No 24:
Question 4:
Discuss the significant difference between the Himalayan and the Peninsular rivers.
ANSWER:
Apart from their difference of origin, the Himalayan and the Peninsular rivers are different from each other in many ways. However, the significant difference between them is that while the Himalayan rivers are perennial rivers, the Peninsular rivers are seasonal. The Himalayan rivers have water throughout the year. They receive water from rain as well as from melted snow from the lofty mountains. On the other hand, the flow of Peninsular rivers is dependent upon rainfall. During the dry season, even the large rivers have reduced flow of water in their channels.
Page No 24:
Question 5:
Compare the east-flowing and the west-flowing rivers of the Peninsular Plateau.
ANSWER:
East-flowing rivers of the Peninsular Plateau
West-flowing rivers of the Peninsular Plateau
Major rivers flowing eastwards: Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri
Only two long rivers flow westwards: Narmada, Tapi
Flow into the Bay of Bengal
Flow into the Arabian Sea
Carry greater amount of sediments, so form deltas at their mouths
Carry lesser amount of sediments, so form estuaries at their mouths
Greater number of tributaries
Lesser number of tributaries
Page No 24:
Question 6:
Why are rivers important for the country’s economy?
ANSWER:
Rivers have been of fundamental importance throughout human history. Rivers, lakes, ice caps, ground water are the fresh water reserves of the Earth. Water is a basic natural resource, essential for various human activities. The water from the rivers is used for various domestic, industrial and agricultural purposes. The presence of rivers boosts trade and commerce by helping in the easy transport of goods. They are also a potential source of energy. The water from rivers is used for running hydro-electric dams. Regions having rivers are usually of great scenic and recreational value, and hence, serve as good tourist spots.
JYOTI
2020-05-12
9
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
10TH-A
S.SCIENCE
Geography ,Chapter 4 - Agriculture
(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) Plantation Agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture
Answer: (b) Plantation Agriculture
(ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Millets
(d) Cotton
Answer: (b) Gram
Also Check: NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science History
(iii) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
(a) Pulses
(b) Jawar
(c) Millets
(d) Sesamum
Answer: (a) Pulses
2. Answer the following questions in 30 words.
(i) Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.
(ii) Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.
(iii) Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.
(iv) The land under cultivation has got reduced day by day. Can you imagine its consequences?
Answer:
(i) Tea is an important beverage crop. This plant grows well in tropical or sub tropical climates . Deep, fertile and well-drained soil which is rich in humus and organic matter is the most suitable for tea plantation. Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year with frequent showers that ensures continuous growth of the tender leaves.
(ii) Rice is a staple crop of India. It is majorly grown in the following regions:
Plains of North
North East India
Coastal Areas
Deltaic Regions
(iii) Various institutional reform programmes introduced by the Government in the interest of farmers are:
Minimum Support Price (MSP)
Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, etc.
Subsidy on Fertilisers
Establishment of Grameen banks to provide low-interest loans
Facilities of Kissan Credit Card and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme
(iv) Consequences of the decline in land under cultivation come out to be as follows:
Shortage of food
Rise in prices of food grains
Shortage of supply of raw material for agro-industries.
Increase in unemployment
Increase in import of food grains will put stress on the economy
When People Rebel 1857 and After Chapter 5 [5/11, 9:56 AM] Vikram Singh: When People Rebel
1857 and After
Q1. Name the governor general who announced to shift Bahadur Shah Zafar’s family from Red Fort.
Ans. In 1849, Governor-General Dalhousie announced that after the death of Bahadur Shah Zafar, the family of the king would be shifted out of the Red Fort and given another place in Delhi to reside in.
Q2. On what condition the ruling chiefs could pass on their kingdoms to their heirs?
Ans. All ruling chiefs of the country were assured that their territory would never be annexed in future. They were allowed to pass on their kingdoms to their heirs, including adopted sons. However, they were made to acknowledge the British Queen as their Sovereign Paramount.
Q3. What was Taiping Rebellion?
Ans. It had started in 1850 and could be suppressed only by the mid-1860s. Thousands of labouring, poor people were led by Hong Xiuquan to fight for the establishment of the Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace. This was known as the Taiping Rebellion.
Q4. Name some new leaders that came to the forefront during the revolt of 1857.
Ans. Bakht Khan, a soldier from Bareilly, took charge of a large force of fighters who came to Delhi.
Ahmadullah Shah, a maulvi from Faizabad raised a huge force of supporters and came to Lucknow to fight the British.
Q5. What were the religious causes of the revolt?
Ans. The Company allowed Christian missionaries to function freely in its domain and even own land and property. In 1850, a new law was passed to make conversion to Christianity easier. Many Indians felt that the British were destroying their religion; thus, revolted against the British rule.
Q6. How did the last Mughal emperor live the last years of his life?
Ans. Delhi was recaptured from the rebel forces in September 1857. The last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar was tried in court and sentenced to life imprisonment. His sons were shot dead before his eyes. He and his wife Begum Zinat Mahal were sent to prison in Rangoon in October 1858. Bahadur Shah Zafar died in the Rangoon jail in November 1862.
Q7 . What were the social causes of the revolt?
Ans. The British believed that Indian society had to be reformed. Laws were passed to stop the practice of sati and to encourage the remarriage of widows. English-language education was actively promoted. Many Indians believed that the British were meddling in their social customs and their traditional way of life; thus, revolted against the British rule.
Q8. What happened to the Nawabs when the British established political power in India?
Ans. When British established political power in India:
i. The Nawabs and Rajas lost their authority and honour.
ii. British Residents were stationed in all the courts, the freedom of the rulers reduced, their armed forces disbanded and territories taken away by stages.
Q9. Why did the chiefs and rulers support the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar in the revolt?
Ans. The Mughal dynasty had ruled over a very large part of the country. Most smaller rulers and chieftains controlled different territories on behalf of the Mughal ruler. Threatened by the expansion of British rule, many of them felt that if the Mughal emperor could rule again, they too would be able to rule their own territories once more, under Mughal authority.
Q10. What efforts were made by the British to win back the loyalty of the people?
Ans. The British tried their best to win back the loyalty of the people.
i. They announced rewards for the loyal landlords who would be allowed to continue to enjoy traditional rights over their lands.
ii. Those who had rebelled were told that they submitted to the British, and if they had not killed any white people, they would remain safe and their rights and claims to land would not be denied.
[5/12, 7:16 AM] Vikram Singh: Test of Chapter – 5 When People Rebel-1857
| History Class 8th Social Science (S.St)
Q.1- Who was Mangal Pandey?
a. Soldier
b. Villager
c. King
d. All of these
Q.2- Who was the Mughal emperor at the time of revolt?
a. Akbar
b. Bahadur Shah
c. Shah Jahan
d. None of these
Q.3- Who was the leaders of the revolt who actively took part in it?
a. Nana Sahib
b. Tantiya Tope
c. Rani Lakshmibai
d. All of these
Q.4- Write the name of places related with first war of Independence?
a. Delhi
b. Meerut
c. Jhansi
d. All of these
Q.5- What were the effects of the revolt of 1857 on India?
a. End of Mughal Empire
b. Beginning of Mughal Empire
c. End of British Empire
d. All of these
Q.6- When did Mangal Pandey died?
a. 1874
b. 1857
c. 1863
d. 1845
Q.7- Who was Tantia tope?
a. Nawab of Jhansi
b. King of Jhansi
c. Freedom fighter
d. None of these
Q.8- Who was Begum Hazrat Mahal?
a. Mother of Wajid Ali Shah
b. Begum of Madras
c. Wife of Wajid Ali Shah
d. None of these
Q.9- Who published From ‘Sepoy to Subedar’?
a. Wajid Ali Shah
b. Tantia Tope
c. Sitaram Pandey
d. None of these
Q.10- In which year Sitaram Pandey retired?
a. 1860
b. 1856
c. 1878
d. 1857
Vikram Singh
2020-05-12
12
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
10TH-A
ENGLISH
From The Diary Of Anne Frank Chapter 4 [5/11, 9:22 AM] Vikram Singh: Class 10 English Lesson 4
From the Diary of Anne Frank
Introduction
This lesson is an excerpt from “Diary of a Young Girl” or “The Diary of Anne Frank”. It is an autobiography that was first published in 1947. In this, Anne expresses her thoughts in a diary which was gifted to her on her thirteenth birthday. She names the diary “kitty” which she considers as her only true friend. She mentions about her childhood, her family and a lot other things that she told no one else.
From the diary of Anne Frank
Summary
In this lesson, Anne talks about being lonely and having no one to talk to despite being surrounded by family and around 30 people whom she called her “friends”. Thus, she takes the decision of writing her feelings in a diary. It is unusual for her to write in a diary but she is really in need of a true friend. Thus, she decides to name her diary “kitty” and unlike other people, she is not going to mention just facts in it. She starts with writing her background, to make it easier to understand for anyone who reads it later. She describes her family and early childhood when they all migrated, her early schooling. After giving a brief account of her background, she comes to the present day where she tells us about the result day. Everyone in the class is nervous about their result and boys are even making bets. Anne was quite sure about herself and her friends. She had a good equation with all the teachers except her maths’ professor, who was constantly annoyed at her for her talking habits. Thus, he started giving her punishments in the form of essays on weird topics such as “Chatterbox” to which she replied with full wit. She wrote essays that were funny and explained that this was a trait that she inherited from her mother and not much could be done about it. He kept on giving her essays until she wrote a satire. After that third and last assignment, Mr Keesing never pointed her out for talking.
[5/11, 9:26 AM] Vikram Singh: Question and Answers
Q1. What makes writing in a diary a strange experience for Anne Frank?
A. It was the first time Anne was writing in a diary. She felt that later no one would be interested in reading about the thoughts of a young girl. Both these facts made it a strange experience for her.
Q2. Why does Anne want to keep a diary?
A. Anne wanted to keep a diary and write in it because she had a lot going on in her head. She had no friend with whom she could talk about such personal stuff. Thus, she decided to maintain a diary.
Q3. Why did Anne think she could confide more in her diary than in people?
A. According to Anne Frank, “paper has more patience than people”. She chose to confide more in her diary because she felt there was no friend who could listen to her with enough patience.
Q4. Why does Anne provide a brief sketch of her life?
A. Anne feels it would be weird to just simply jot down facts without giving her background. In case someone might read it in future, he/she won’t be able to understand vaguely stated facts. Thus, she decided to provide a brief sketch of her life.
Q5. What tells you that Anne loved her grandmother?
A. The fact that Anne spent some part of her childhood with her grandmother is self-sufficient to imply connection between the two. Also, she explicitly mentioned in her diary that she misses her grandmother more than anyone is aware of is evident enough that she loved her grandmother.
Q6. Why was Mr Keesing annoyed with Anne? What did he ask her to do?
A. Mr Keesing, Anne’s maths professor was annoyed with her because she would not stop talking during his lectures as a result of which, he gave her assignments as punishments.
Q7. How did Anne justify her being a chatterbox in her essay?
A. Anne explained that she got this habit of speaking too much from her mother, mentioning that it was inherited.
Q8. What made Mr Keesing allow Anne to talk in class?
A. On being given the third assignment as punishment, Anne wrote a satirical piece which was quite promising. Thus, finally, the professor allowed her to talk.
Q9. Was Anne right when she said that the world would not be interested in the musings of a thirteen-year-old girl?
A. Yes, Anne was right in thinking that the world would not be interested in the musings of a thirteen - year - old girl. As she was a common girl, no one would want to know her feelings and so, no one would read her diary.
Q10. There are some examples of diary or journal entries in the ‘Before You Read’ section. Compare these with what Anne writes in her diary. What language was the diary originally written in? In what way is Anne’s diary different?
A. Anne’s diary was actually written in Dutch. Her diary is different from that of others on various aspects. She had named her diary “Kitty”. She thought of it as her only true friend. She could confide in Kitty. She treated it as another person because according to her, “Paper has more patience than people”. She started by writing “Dearest kitty” and ended the account by writing, “Yours Anne”.
Q11. Why does Anne need to give a brief sketch about her family? Does she treat ‘Kitty’ as an insider or an outsider?
A. Anne feels it would be weird to just simply jot down facts without giving her background. In case someone might read it in future, he/she won’t be able to understand vaguely stated facts. Thus, she decided to provide a brief sketch of her life. She treates “kitty” as an insider as it was her only true friend with whom she could share each and everything.
Q12. How does Anne feel about her father, her grandmother, Mrs Kuperus and Mr Keesing? What do these tell you about her?
A. According to Anne, her father is the most lovable man one could ever come across. She loved and missed her grandmother more than she showed. She was on good terms with her teachers except the old fogey, Mr Keesing who taught them mathematics. The headmistress, Mrs Kuperus was her class teacher and both were very close to each other. Mr Keesing often punished Anne with extra assignments as a punishment for her talkative nature. These indicate that Anne was affectinate and a loving person.
Q13. What does Anne write in her first essay?
A. In her essay, Anne mentions that she will try her best to minimise talking between lectures but this is a trait she inherited from her mother and it is difficult to eliminate an inherited trait. Also, her mother talks as much as she does, if not more. She also stressed that talking was a necessary quality for a good student.
Q14. Anne says teachers are most unpredictable. Is Mr Keesing unpredictable? How?
A. Yes, Mr Keesing is an unpredictable person. He is angry with Anne for being talkative in class and gives her extra assignments as a punishment. But later, he finds her essays to be witty and amusing. This brings a change in him and he accepts her arguements. He develops a funny bone too and starts cracking jokes in the class. This change in Mr Keesing’s nature shows that he is unpredictable.
Q15. What do these statements tell you about Anne Frank as a person?
i. We don’t seem to be able to get any closer, and that’s the problem. Maybe it’s my fault that we don’t confide in each other.
A. This shows that Anne does not confide in people very easily. It is difficult for her to make personal relations where she could share what’s going on in her mind.
ii. I don’t want to jot down the facts in this diary the way most people would, but I want the diary to be my friend.
A. This statement indicates that Anne does not have a close friend she could confide in. She was lonely despite having family and friends. Thus, she wanted the diary to be her only true friend.
iii. Margot went to Holland in December, and I followed in February, when I was plunked down on the table as a birthday present for Margot.
A. This statement is indicative of the love between the sisters. On migration, Anne was the last one to be brought to Holland and it was done on the birthday of her elder sister to surprise her.
iv. If you ask me, there are so many dummies that about a quarter of the class should be kept back, but teachers are the most unpredictable creatures on earth.
A. Anne feels that there are many weak students in the class who should be detained. Almost one - fourth of the class did not deserve promotion but the teachers, decision could not be predicted.
v. Anyone could ramble on and leave big spaces between the words, but the trick was to come up with convincing arguments to prove the necessity of talking.
A. Anyone could write senseless stuff while leaving big gaps in order to fill up a number of pages and submit the assignment easily. But Anne wanted to give such arguements which could prove that it was necessary for her to talk. She wanted to write sensible stuff.
[5/11, 9:29 AM] Vikram Singh: You have read the expression ‘not to lose heart’ in this text. Now find out the meanings of the following expressions using the word ‘heart’. Use each of them in a sentence of your own.
Break somebody’s heart.
close/dear to heart
from the (bottom of your) heart
have a heart
have a heart of stone
your heart goes out to somebody
Answers-
1. Break somebody’s heart
Meaning- to upset somebody deeply
Sentence- It is not good to break somebody’s heart by lying to them.
2.close/dear to heart
Meaning- something/ someone who is near to you
Sentence- The watch gifted by mother is close to my heart
3.from the (bottom of your) heart
Meaning- to genuinely mean or feel something
Sentence- I apologise from the bottom of my heart
4.have a heart
Meaning- to evoke the feeling to help someone in distress
Sentence- The poor beggar asked the rich man to have a heart get him something to eat
5. have a heart of stone
Meaning- to not feel anything or any sentiment
Sentence- He is so cruel that it feels like he has a heart of stone.
6. your heart goes out to somebody
Meaning- to sympathise with someone else and to understand his/her feelings or distress
Sentence- My heart goes out to all those who are fighting the odds to come out victorious.
[5/11, 9:32 AM] Vikram Singh: Make a list of the contracted forms in the text. Rewrite them as full forms of two words.
For example: I’ve = I have
1. I’ve – I have
2. Doesn’t- Does not
3. Won’t- Would not
4. I’m – I am
5. Don’t- Do not
6. Can’t – Can not
7. It’s- It is
8. That’s- That is
9. I’d- I would
10. Didn’t- Did not
11. Who’ll- who will
12.You’re- You are
13. We’ll- We will
14. There’s – There is
15. He’d- He had
16. Who’s- Who is
17.Haven’t- Have not
We have seen that some contracted forms can stand for two different full forms:
I’d = I had or I would
He’d – He had or He would
Vikram Singh
2020-05-12
13
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
9TH-A
ENGLISH
A Truly Beautiful Mind [5/11, 9:10 AM] Vikram Singh: Class 9 Beehive Lesson 4 - A Truly Beautiful Mind
Introduction to the lesson
This chapter is about Albert Einstein. He was a great scientist. The title of the chapter ‘A Truly Beautiful Mind’ refers to Albert Einstein. This is a short biography of his where some of his qualities have been highlighted – Albert’s interest in Mathematics and Physics and also his humanitarian attribute.The title - ‘A Truly Beautiful Mind’ makes one wonder that how can a scientist’s mind be beautiful. It is so, because in this lesson we come across another aspect of Einstein. He was a humanitarian. He advocated world peace, non - violence and that is why the title refers to him as a truly beautiful mind.
Summary
Albert Einstein was born on 14th March in 1879, in the German city of Ulm. Till the age of two and half years, he could not speak and when he started speaking, he spoke every word twice. His playmates considered him to be boring and his mother thought that he was crazy because of the abnormally large size of his head. At school, his head master regarded him as stupid and good for nothing. But he proved them all wrong.At the age of 6, at the insistence of his mother, he learned to play the violin. He became a gifted violinist. At the age of 15, his family moved to Munich. He did not feel comfortable with the strict discipline at the school and left it. On completing his schooling, he joined the University at Zurich because the atmosphere there was more liberal and accepted new ideas and concepts. He showed more interest in Physics and Mathematics. He met a fellow student, Mileva Maric at the University. She was equally intelligent and clever. Later on, they married and had 2 sons but unfortunately their marriage did not survive and were divorced in 1919.
After completing his education, Albert worked as a technical expert in the patent office at Bern. Here, he worked secretly on his idea on relativity. In 1915, he published his paper on special theory of relativity, followed by the world-famous equation E = mc2.In 1915, he published his paper on General Theory of Relativity, which gave an absolutely new definition to the concept of gravity. This theory made him a famous figure. In 1919, during the solar eclipse, his theory came out to be accurate and revolutionized physics. In 1933, he emigrated to the USA as Nazis had come to power in Germany. He did not want his finding and research to be used for destruction. In 1938, when Germany discovered the principle of Nuclear Fission, he was the first person to write to the American President about the dangers of the atomic bombs.In 1945, when America dropped the Atomic Bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima, he was deeply hurt and wrote to the United Nations for the formation of a world government to prevent recurrence of such destruction.
He spent his later days in politics advocating world peace and democracy. He died at the age of 76 in the year 1955.
[5/11, 9:12 AM] Vikram Singh: Question and answers
Here are some headings for paragraphs in the text. Write the number(s) of the paragraph(s) for each title against the heading.
(i) Einstein’s equation [ ]
(ii) Einstein meets his future wife [ ]
(iii) The making of a violinist [ ]
(iv) Mileva and Einstein’s mother [ ]
(v) A letter that launched the arms race [ ]
(vi) A desk drawer full of ideas [ ]
(vii) Marriage and divorce [ ]
A.
(i) Einstein’s equation [9]
(ii) Einstein meets his future wife [7]
(iii) The making of a violinist [3]
(iv) Mileva and Einstein’s mother [10]
(v) A letter that launched the arms race [15]
(vi) A desk drawer full of ideas [8]
(vii) Marriage and divorce [11]
2. Who had these opinions about Einstein?
(i) He was boring.
(ii) He was stupid and would never succeed in life.
(iii) He was a freak.
A.
(i) playmates
(ii) headmaster
(iii) mother
3. Explain what the reasons for the following are.
(i) Einstein leaving the school in Munich for good.
(ii) Einstein wanting to study in Switzerland rather than in Munich.
(iii) Einstein seeing in Mileva an ally.
(iv) What do these tell you about Einstein?
A.
(i) strict regimentation at school.
(ii) Liberal atmosphere
(iii) Like him, Mileva also disapproved of the ‘philistines’ – those who disliked art, literature or music.
(iv) He loved freedom. He was a liberal and cultured person
4. What did Einstein call his desk drawer at the patent office? Why?
A. He called his desk drawer at the patent office ‘the bureau of theoretical physics’ because he stored his secret papers on ideas on physics there.
5. Why did Einstein write a letter to Franklin Roosevelt?
A. Einstein feared that the Germans under the rule of the Nazis had developed the atomic bomb and could misuse it. He wrote to the president of the USA to warn him of this development.
6. How did Einstein react to the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
A. Einstein was deeply shaken by the disaster caused in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He wrote a public missive to the United Nations demanding the formation of a world government to stop the development of nuclear weapons.
7. Why does the world remember Einstein as a “world citizen”?
A. Einstein was a ‘world citizen’ because of his efforts for world peace and non – violence.
8. Here are some facts from Einstein’s life. Arrange them in chronological order.
[ ] Einstein publishes his special theory of relativity.
[ ] He is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
[ ] Einstein writes a letter to U.S. President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and
warns against Germany’s building of an atomic bomb.
[ ] Einstein attends a high school in Munich.
[ ] Einstein’s family moves to Milan.
[ ] Einstein is born in the German city of Ulm.
[ ] Einstein joins a university in Zurich, where he meets Mileva.
[ ] Einstein dies.
[ ] He provides a new interpretation of gravity.
[ ] Tired of the school’s regimentation, Einstein withdraws from school.
[ ] He works in a patent office as a technical expert.
[ ] When Hitler comes to power, Einstein leaves Germany for the United
States.
A.
[7] Einstein publishes his special theory of relativity.
[9] He is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
[11] Einstein writes a letter to U.S. President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and
warns against Germany’s building of an atomic bomb.
[2] Einstein attends a high school in Munich.
[3] Einstein’s family moves to Milan.
[1] Einstein is born in the German city of Ulm.
[5] Einstein joins a university in Zurich, where he meets Mileva.
[12] Einstein dies.
[8] He provides a new interpretation of gravity.
[4] Tired of the school’s regimentation, Einstein withdraws from school.
[6] He works in a patent office as a technical expert.
[10] When Hitler comes to power, Einstein leaves Germany for the United
States.
Grammar exercises
Here are some sentences from the story. Choose the word from the brackets which can be substituted for the italicised words in the sentences.
1. A few years later, the marriage faltered. (failed, broke, became weak).
2.Einstein was constantly at odds with people at the university. (on bad terms,in disagreement, unhappy)
3. The newspapers proclaimed his work as “a scientific revolution.” (declared,praised, showed)
4. Einstein got ever more involved in politics, agitating for an end to the arms buildup. (campaigning, fighting, supporting)
5. At the age of 15, Einstein felt so stifled that he left the school for good.
(permanently, for his benefit, for a short time)
6. Five years later, the discovery of nuclear fission in Berlin had American
physicists in an uproar. (in a state of commotion, full of criticism, in a
desperate state)
7. Science wasn’t the only thing that appealed to the dashing young man with the walrus moustache. (interested, challenged, worried)
A.
1. Became weak
2. in disagreement
3. declared
4. campaigning
5. permanently
6. in a state of commotion
7. interested
II. Complete the sentences below by filling in the blanks with suitable participial clauses. The information that has to be used in the phrases is provided as a sentence in brackets.
1. _____________ the firefighters finally put out the fire. (They worked round the clock.)
2. She watched the sunset above the mountain, __________ (She noticed the colours blending softly into one another.)
3. The excited horse pawed the ground rapidly, ____________(While it neighed continually.)
4. _____________, I found myself in Bangalore, instead of Benaras. (I had taken the wrong train.)
5.________________, I was desperate to get to the bathroom. (I had not bathed for two days)
6. The stone steps, _____________ needed to be replaced. (They were worn down).
7. The actor received hundreds of letters from his fans, ____________. (They asked him to send them his photograph.)
A.
1. Working round the clock, the firefighters finally put out the fire.
2. She watched the sunset above the mountain, noticing the colours blending softly into one another.
3. The excited horse pawed the ground rapidly, neighing continually.
4. Having taken the wrong train, I found myself in Bangalore, instead of Benaras.
5.Having not bathed for two days, I was desperate to get to the bathroom.
6. The stone steps, being worn down, needed to be replaced.
7. The actor received hundreds of letters from his fans, asking him to send them his photograph.
Vikram Singh
2020-05-12
14
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
1ST-A
MATH
Addition by forword Counting Addition by forword Counting
Mr. Madan Lal
2020-05-11
15
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
2ND- L
MATH
Addison of three 2digit number. Write Activity -6 Q -1 to Q -8 and practice
Mr. Birender Kumar
2020-05-11
16
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
10TH-A
S.SCIENCE
Chapter 2 : Agriculture Agriculture is a primary activity which produces most of the food that we consume besides food grain it also produces raw material for various industries.
Some agriculture product like tea, coffee, spice, etc…
Types of farming:
Cultivation method has changed significantly depending upon the characteristics of physical environmental, technological know – how and socio – culture practices. Farming various from subsistence to commercial type. At present in different parts of India.
Primitive Subsistence Farming:
This type of farming is still practiced in few pockets of India
The help of primitive tools like hoe dao and digging sticks, and family /community labour.
This type of farming depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of the soil and suitability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown.
It is ‘salsh and burn’ agriculture.
The soil fertility decreases.
The farmers shift and clear a fresh patch of land for cultivation.
Intensive Subsistence Farming:
This type of farming is practiced is areas of high population pressure on land .
It is labour intensive farming.
The biological inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production.
There is enormous pressure on agriculture land.
Commercial Farming:
This type of farming is the use of higher doses of modern inputs.
The degree of commercialization of agriculture various from one region to another.
A single crop s grown on a large area.
The help of migrant labourers.
The produces is used as raw material in respective industries.
Cropping Pattern:
These are also reflected in agricultural practices and cropping pattern in the country.
India has three cropping seasons – rabi, kharif and zaid.
Rajasthan has also been an important factor in the growth of the above-mentioned rabi crops.
he crops produced during ‘zaid’ are watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber, vegetables and fodder crops.
JYOTI
2020-05-09
17
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
9TH-A
S.SCIENCE
Chapter 3 - Drainage
The term drainage describes the river system of an area. Small streams flowing from different directions come together to form the main river, which ultimately drains into a large water body such as a lake or a sea or an ocean.
JYOTI
2020-05-09
18
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
2ND- L
HINDI
????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???
Mr. Madan Lal
2020-05-09
19
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
2ND- L
HINDI
????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???
Mr. Madan Lal
2020-05-09
20
2024-05-22 01:06:24
N/A
9TH-A
ENGLISH
The little Girl [5/8, 6:03 PM] Vikram Singh: Introduction to The Little Girl. 9 English Lesson- The little Girl
The title of the story refers to the main character that we will come across- the little girl named Kezia. The theme of the story is the relationship between children and their parents and the writer Katherine Mansfield wants to tell us that children share a very important bond of love with their parents. Although when children are small, when they are young they do not feel that their parents love them because their parents are strict and many actions of the parents seems unjustified. But as children grow up they realise that all the acts done by their parents were beneficial for them. The parents were concerned for them and beneath the strictness lies a heart full of love for the children. And this bond of love between parents and their children has been highlighted through this story.
[5/8, 6:03 PM] Vikram Singh: II. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.
1.Why was Kezia afraid of her father?
Ans. Kezia was afraid of her father because he was strict. He stared at her and even gave her physical punishment. Instead of the love and affection that Kezia sought from her father, he gave her scoldings which instilled a fear in her mind. Her father’s giant structure also terrified little Kezia.
2. Who were the people in Kezia’s family?
Ans. In all there were four members in Kezia’s family – her strict father, her stern mother, a loving grandmother and Kezia herself.
3. What was Kezia’s father’s routine
(i) before going to his office?
(ii) after coming back from his office?
(iii) on Sundays?
Ans.
i) Before going to office, Kezia’s father would visit Kezia in her room, give her a kiss and then leave for work in his carriage.
ii) After coming back from office in the evening, Kezia’s father would order that tea be brought for him in the drawing room. He would order for his slippers and the newspapers in a loud voice.
iii) On Sunday afternoons, he would stretch out on the sofa, his handkerchief on his face, his feet on one of the best cushions, and would sleep soundly and snore.
4.In what ways did Kezia’s grandmother encourage her to get to know her father better?
Ans. Kezia’s grandmother wanted Kezia to have a strong bond of love and affection with her parents. In order to develop that, she encouraged Kezia to go downstairs every Sunday afternoon to spend time with her parents and to get to know them better.
III. Discuss these questions in class with your teacher and then write down your answers in two or three paragraphs each.
1.Kezia’s efforts to please her father resulted in displeasing him very much.How did this happen?
Ans. Kezia was at home as she was down with fever. Her grandmother suggested that she make a surprise gift for her father as his birthday was approaching. Kezia and her grandmother planned that Kezia would make a pin cushion for him and her grandmother gave her a piece of yellow – coloured silk fabric for it. Kezia stitched the cushion from three sides and was looking for pieces of torn cloth or paper to stuff into the cushion.
As her grandmother was out in the garden, the innocent child reached her parents’ room. She found a heap of paper lying on the bed table, tore the sheets of paper into tiny bits and stuffed it into the cushion. Kezia was glad that finally, the surprise gift was ready but, in fact she had committed a serious mistake of destroying her father’s speech that he had prepared for the Port Authority.
Kezia’s father was angry with her and wanted to teach her an important lesson, not to touch anything that did not belong to her. So, he hit Kezia’s palms with a ruler to teach her a lesson.
2. Kezia decides that there are “different kinds of fathers”. What kind of father was Mr Macdonald, and how was he different from Kezia’s father?
Ans. Mr Macdonald, Kezia’s next door neighbour had five children. Kezia often saw them playing in the garden.
One day, she peeped through a gap in the fence and saw them having fun. Baby Mao was sitting on Mr Macdonald’s shoulders, his two daughter stuck to his coat’s pockets and they ran all around the flower beds, laughing and having fun. His sons opened the hose on him and he tried to catch them.
This fun scene made her conclude that there were different kinds of fathers. Mr Macdonald was different from her father. He was not strict, played with his children and they laughed all the while.
On the other hand, Kezia’s father was always angry at her. He remained busy with work and later, was too tired that he slept most of the time. He stared at her, scolded her for stammering and being silly.
His strict nature made Kezia wonder that what for had God made fathers.
3.How does Kezia begin to see her father as a human being who needs her sympathy?
Ans. One day, Kezia’s mother was taken ill and went to the hospital. Grandmother too accompanied her. Kezia was left alone with the cook, Alice to look after her. At night, Alice put Kezia to bed but Kezia was reluctant to sleep without her grandmother as she would go to her in case she got scared by a nightmare. Alice put Kezia to sleep all alone and ordered her not to scream and disturb her father who was asleep in the next room. But she was again bother by the nightmare of a butcher with a knife, a rope and a dreadful smile. Kezia screamed and called her grandmother. Upon hearing her screams, her father woke up. He was holding a candle and lifted Kezia in his arms. He took her to his room and comforted her. He lay Kezia in his bed and told her to rub her feet against his legs to make them warm. Kezia felt his affection and snuggled towards him. At that moment, Kezia realized that her father worked really hard was a tired poor man who needed sympathy and concern. There was no one to look after him. Although he was big and not as soft as grandmother, Kezia realized that he loved her, and she had affection for him.
Grammar Exercises
I. Look at the following sentence.
There was a glad sense of relief when she heard the noise of the carriage growing fainter...
Here, glad means happy about something.
Glad, happy, pleased, delighted, thrilled and overjoyed are synonyms (words or expressions that have the same or nearly the same meaning.) However, they express happiness in certain ways.
Read the sentences below.
She was glad when the meeting was over.
The chief guest was pleased to announce the name of the winner.
Use an appropriate word from the synonyms given above in the following sentences. Clues are given in brackets.
(i) She was ________ by the news of her brother’s wedding. (very pleased)
(ii) I was _______ to be invited to the party. (extremely pleased and excited about)
(iii) She was ___________ at the birth of her granddaughter. (extremely happy)
(iv) The coach was _________ with his performance. (satisfied about)
(v) She was very ________ with her results. (happy about something that has happened)
Ans.
(i) She was thrilled by the news of her brother’s wedding. (very pleased)
(ii) I was delighted to be invited to the party. (extremely pleased and excited about)
(iii) She was overjoyed at the birth of her granddaughter. (extremely happy)
(iv) The coach was pleased with his performance. (satisfied about)
(v) She was very happy with her results. (happy about something that has happened)
2. Now, consult a dictionary and find out the meaning of big in the following sentences. The first one has been done for you.
(i) You are a big girl now. older
(ii) Today you are going to take the biggest decision of your career.
(iii) Their project is full of big ideas.
(iv) Cricket is a big game in our country.
(v) I am a big fan of Lata Mangeshkar.
(vi) You have to cook a bit more as my friend is a big eater.
(vii) What a big heart you’ve got, Father dear.
Ans.
(i) You are a big girl now. older
(ii) Today you are going to take the biggest decision of your career.Most important
(iii) Their project is full of big ideas. ambitious
(iv) Cricket is a big game in our country.popular
(v) I am a big fan of Lata Mangeshkar.ardent
(vi) You have to cook a bit more as my friend is a big eater.gourmand
(vii) What a big heart you’ve got, Father dear.generous
II. Verbs of Reporting
1. Underline the verbs of reporting in the following sentences.
(i) He says he will enjoy the ride.
(ii) Father mentioned that he was going on a holiday.
(iii) No one told us that the shop was closed.
(iv) He answered that the price would go up.
(v) I wondered why he was screaming.
(vi) Ben told her to wake him up.
(vii) Ratan apologised for coming late to the party.
Ans.
(i) He says he will enjoy the ride.
(ii) Father mentioned that he was going on a holiday.
(iii) No one told us that the shop was closed.
(iv) He answered that the price would go up.
(v) I wondered why he was screaming.
(vi) Ben told her to wake him up.
(vii) Ratan apologised for coming late to the party.
2. Some verbs of reporting are given in the box. Choose the appropriate verbs and fill in the blanks in the following sentences.
Were complaining
shouted
replied
remarked
ordered
suggested
(i) “I am not afraid,” ________ the woman.
(ii) “Leave me alone,” my mother ___________.
(iii) The children ________ that the roads were crowded and noisy.
(iv) “Perhaps he isn’t a bad sort of a chap after all,” ________ the master.
(v) “Let’s go and look at the school ground,” _________the sports teacher.
(vi) The traffic police ________ all the passers-by to keep off the road.
Ans.
(i) “I am not afraid,”replied the woman.
(ii) “Leave me alone,” my mother shouted.
(iii) The children were complaining that the roads were crowded and noisy.
(iv) “Perhaps he isn’t a bad sort of a chap after all,” remarked the master.
(v) “Let’s go and look at the school ground,” suggested the sports teacher.
(vi) The traffic police ordered all the passers-by to keep off the road.
